Solar Activity, Wave of Kotov and Strange Coincidences
 

Discovery of the Waves of Kotov in the Sun.

In 1974, a periodic infrasonic oscillations, measured by doppler effect, on the surface of the sun (2km, speed 1m/s) , in 160,01 minutes, is discovered by two independent groups:

1. Severny, Kotov, Tsapp (Astrophysical observatory of Crimea -  KrAO) [1]

2. Brookes et al. [2] (University of Birmingham) [2]

A little later it is confirmed by two other teams. [3-6]

1. KrAO 1974 - 1982, with a period of oscillation of 160.0101 ± 0.0016 minutes [7]

2. Stanford 1977 - 1980 P0 With a period of oscillation of 160.0095 ± 0.0010 minutes. [6]

Characteristics of the waves of Kotov.

1. These waves are perfectly periodic and regular: no break of phase was observed over more than thirty years of observations

2. There are periods when the oscillation becomes blurred for the benefit of it's lobe in 159.956 minutes (modulation in 400 days).

3. The mode of vibration is badly identified.

4. The mechanism remains not understood. Let us note here that V. Kotov proposes the influence of gravitational waves to explain this phenomenon.

Solar eruption seen by SOHO

Sun eruptions and Waves of Kotov

1. In the release of 19 000 sun eruptions from 1947 till 1980, we observe a periodicity:
   P0 of 160.0102 ± 0.0002 minutes (4σ/proba .= 0.01%) [8]

2. A Periodicity of 160 minutes in X-rays eruptions is discovered by satellite. [9]

3. From 1975 till 1990 the initial Moments observed by 90 000 sun eruptions are. [10]

   1. 1975 - 1982: P0 = 160.0104 ± 0.0005 minutes
      (3.5σ / pr = 0.05 %).

   2. 1983 -1990 : No observed periodicity.

Variation of the Luminosity of the Sun and some other stars :

The satellite SOHO probably showed the presence of a period of 160-min and\or 80-min in the luminosity of the sun. [11 - 12]
The most commensurable period of the pulsations of Delta Scuti Stars is : 162 ± 4 min (3.8σ/proba .= 0.02 %). [13]
For the variable RR Lyrae Stars, we find 161,4 ±1,6 min

It would thus seem, that at least in our galaxy, this wave is a rather general phenomenon for stars of various types.

 The multiplicity of observations shows that the wave of 160,01 minutes would not be an artefact

3. The Sun would thus behave as a Giant Detector of Weber (In other words as a detector of gravitational waves).

4. The source of this gravitational wave could be in the Galaxy, perhaps in Saggitarius A  (Two black holes in interaction ?)

5. All the stars and all the planets of our galaxy would be subjected to the influence of these gravitational waves and could be used with the aim of their detection.

6. For all stars of the Milky Way, the wavelength of the LGG is the same, only their relative phases differ, what seems linked to the respective distances of these stars with regard to the source of the LGG. This peculiarity should eventually allow to determine the source of the LGG.

7. Curiously, we dont observe red or blue shift associated to the LGG.

Conclusion :
So, would it exists a gravitational coupling wave  between a source situated in the galaxy and all the stars of the galaxy? . This property would then be generalized to all galaxies.

1. The theory asserts that the period of the gravitational waves would be situated rather around 1ms ( 1000 Hz), and certainly not around 160,01 minutes !

2. How the gravitational waves could act and be detected on a very diluted gas mass, especially at the level of the photosphere ?

3. In our knowledge we never discovered waves of Kotov in the galactic centre. Thus Saggitarius A is not the source of this phenomenon.

4. Nobody, whatever is the used instrument, has never discovered directly the slightest gravitational wave.

It is to forget, a little bit fast,

1. That the theory of interactive black holes is far from being finished.

2. That these last ones, according to the theory, can be low frequencies modulated according to very particular modes which look like a little those whom the radioelectricians call with acronyms "AM" and "BLU".

3. And in that case, it is this modulation which would be detected by the sun. The physics of this detection remains to discover.

4. But it is necessary to admit that we do not know the source of the wave of Kotov.

Nothing says to us that the gravitational waves are active at the level of the photosphere. They would be active only in the central regions of the sun, where the density of matter is sufficient, very probably in the core. And thus it would be the variations of the diameter of the core, that would lead the solar activity. Let us note that it result that the observations are very more difficult.
We can add that considering the dimension of the core of the sun face to face of the LGG, the "detector so constituted" is totally aperiodic. He cannot enter in resonance. (And it would be true for all the stars).
On the other hand a simple calculation shows that stars having a core of which the diameter would be of the order of 1/4 of the wavelength of Kotov would may enter in resonance. Let us note that if a star resound with the LGG, it would be unstable and could explode. (Echo at l/4 of the fundamental or possibly on an harmonic). It is the case of the Red Giants Stars such as Betelgeuse or KY-Cy6 that are very near the echo. (1,2 for the first one and 0,8 for second one)
It implies, that at least in our galaxy, certain dimensions of stars cores are not possible. This would not be linked directly to the mass of the star, but to the diameter of the core of the star face to face of the LGG.

1. Brookes J.R. et al.: 1976. Nat. V. 259. P. 92.

2. Severny A.B. et al.: 1976. Nat. V. 259. P. 87.

3. Scherrer P.H. et al.: 1979. Nat. V. 277. P. 635.

4. Grec G. et al.: 1980. Nat. V. 288. P. 541.

5. Scherrer P.H. et al.: 1980. ApJ. V. 237. P. L97.

6. Scherrer P.H., Wilcox J.M.: 1983. Sol. Phys. V. 82. P. 37.

7. Kotov V.A. et al.: 1997. Sol. Phys. V. 176. P. 45.

8. Kotov V.A., Tsap T.T.: 1990. Sol. Phys. V. 128. P. 269.

9. Bai T.: 2003. Sol. Phys. V. 215. P. 327.

10. Kotov V.A., Scherrer P.H.: 1992. Not published.

11. Finsterle W., Frohlich C.: 1998. World Radiation Center.
    Annual Rep. 1997. Davos: PMOD/WRC. P. 9.

12. Kotov V.A. et al. , Kinematica I fiz. Nebes. Tel. V. 16
    P.49

13. Kotov S.V, Kotov V.A., 1997, Astron. Nachr. 318,
    121-128

14. Ch. Bizouard - "Discussion sur les oscillations cosmiques, les nombres sans dimension et les périodicités en microphysique et cosmologie" - 27 Fev 2004 - Collège de France.

15. Supermassive binary black hole system in the quasar 3C 345.pdf

16. SOHO a-t-il réussi à trouver le pouls du Soleil ?

17. Découverte des modes d'oscillations internes du Soleil (3 Mai 2007)

18. Publications liées à l'instrument Golf (SOHO)

19. GOLF-NG : Principe de fonctionnement

20. Science effectuée avec GOLF

21. La sismologie : Qu'est-ce que c'est ? A quoi cela sert-il ?

22. D'une vision microscopique à une vision macroscopique du Soleil

23. Objectifs scientifiques de GOLF-NG

24. Héliosismologie

25. Les mesures sismiques solaires

26. The quest for the solar g modes

We thank Dr. Christian Bizouard (Paris Observatory) and Dr. Francis Sanchez who supplied us all the documentation used for the achievement of this page.
We also thank Dr. Cosentino who brought us unexpected additional informations.
The reader will notice, that in this stage, and contrary to the quoted persons, we pull, from Dr. Valery Kotov's observations, no conclusion of cosmological order. The only hypotheses which we formulate here stay, in some details near, within the framework of the classic theories.